在管理實(shí)踐中，有不少地方要求企業(yè)高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫實(shí)行雙人雙鎖。對于企業(yè)高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫，是否需要雙人雙鎖？

　　In management practice, many places require enterprises to implement double person and double lock hazardous waste storage warehouses in university laboratories. Is it necessary to have two people and two locks for the temporary storage of hazardous waste in enterprise university laboratories?

　　絕大部分的危廢庫不需要雙人雙鎖；只有極少部分貯存特殊物質(zhì)的貯存庫需要實(shí)行雙人雙鎖，即貯存廢棄劇毒化學(xué)品應(yīng)充分考慮防盜要求，采用雙鑰匙封閉式管理。

　　The vast majority of hazardous waste storage facilities do not require double personnel or locks; Only a very small number of storage facilities for special substances require double locking, which means that the storage of waste highly toxic chemicals should fully consider anti-theft requirements and adopt a double key closed management.

　　一、雙人雙鎖的起源

　　1、 The origin of double locks for two people

　　雙人雙鎖的最初來源主要是用于劇毒化學(xué)品、構(gòu)成重大危險(xiǎn)源的?；芬约耙字贫净瘜W(xué)品的管理。因?yàn)閯《净瘜W(xué)品其毒害劇烈，若使用管理不當(dāng)而發(fā)生毒化學(xué)品泄漏、丟失中可能給人民群眾的生命安全和生態(tài)環(huán)境構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。

　　The original source of double lock was mainly used for the management of highly toxic chemicals, hazardous chemicals that constitute major hazard sources, and precursor chemicals. Due to the severe toxicity of highly toxic chemicals, improper use and management can lead to the leakage or loss of toxic chemicals, posing a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and the ecological environment.

　　基于防盜和管理安全的考慮，危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品安全管理?xiàng)l例提出劇毒化學(xué)品以及儲(chǔ)存數(shù)量構(gòu)成重大危險(xiǎn)源的其他危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品，實(shí)行雙人收發(fā)、雙人保管制度。原國家安全監(jiān)管總局在有關(guān)易制毒化學(xué)品管理中，也要求第一類易制毒化學(xué)品應(yīng)實(shí)行“雙人雙鎖，雙人領(lǐng)取”。

　　Based on considerations of theft prevention and safety management, the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals propose a dual person receiving and storage system for highly toxic chemicals and other hazardous chemicals that constitute major hazard sources. The former State Administration of Work Safety also required in the management of precursor chemicals that the first category of precursor chemicals should be subject to "double locking and double collection".

　　二、高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫雙人雙鎖的依據(jù)

　　2、 The basis for double person and double lock storage of hazardous waste in university laboratories

　　固廢法規(guī)定產(chǎn)廢單位要按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定和環(huán)境保護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貯存危險(xiǎn)廢物，但法律中并未提出貯存庫的具體建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！段ｋU(xiǎn)廢物貯存污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB18597）中也未提出雙人雙鎖的要求。

　　The Solid Waste Law stipulates that waste producing units must store hazardous waste in accordance with relevant national regulations and environmental protection standards, but the law does not provide specific construction standards for storage facilities. The "Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB18597) also does not require a double person double lock.

　　高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫中有關(guān)雙人雙鎖的來源主要為《危險(xiǎn)廢物收集 貯存 運(yùn)輸技術(shù)規(guī)范》(HJ 2025)。在HJ2025中規(guī)定貯存廢棄劇毒化學(xué)品應(yīng)充分考慮防盜要求，采用雙鑰匙封閉式管理，且有專人24小時(shí)看管。

　　The main source of double person and double lock in the hazardous waste temporary storage warehouse of university laboratories is the "Technical Specification for Collection, Storage and Transportation of Hazardous Waste" (HJ 2025). According to HJ2025, the storage of waste highly toxic chemicals should fully consider anti-theft requirements, adopt a dual key enclosed management, and have dedicated personnel for 24-hour supervision.

　　基于以上法律標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分析，可以判斷，貯存廢棄劇毒化品的危險(xiǎn)廢物暫存間需要采用“雙人雙鎖”封閉式管理，貯存其他類型的危險(xiǎn)廢物不需要按照“雙人雙鎖”對危廢間進(jìn)行管理。

　　Based on the above legal standards analysis, it can be concluded that the hazardous waste temporary storage room for storing waste highly toxic chemicals needs to adopt a "double person double lock" closed management, and the hazardous waste room for storing other types of hazardous waste does not need to be managed according to the "double person double lock".

　　三、為什么存放廢棄劇毒化學(xué)品的危險(xiǎn)廢物貯存庫需要雙人雙鎖

　　3、 Why does a hazardous waste storage facility for storing discarded highly toxic chemicals require double personnel and double locks

　　根據(jù)國家危險(xiǎn)廢物名錄，列入危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品目錄的物質(zhì)廢棄后，經(jīng)申報(bào)備案后，納入危險(xiǎn)廢物管理，雖然廢棄后的劇毒化學(xué)品轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲ｋU(xiǎn)廢物進(jìn)行管理，但是其危險(xiǎn)特性不因其管理屬性發(fā)生變化而變化。

　　According to the National Hazardous Waste List, substances listed in the Hazardous Chemicals List are included in hazardous waste management after being declared and filed. Although the highly toxic chemicals discarded are converted into hazardous waste for management, their hazardous characteristics do not change due to changes in their management attributes.

　　因此，貯存廢棄化學(xué)品的危險(xiǎn)廢物貯存庫，除了執(zhí)行危險(xiǎn)廢物管理有關(guān)規(guī)定外，還應(yīng)當(dāng)執(zhí)行危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品的有關(guān)規(guī)定，因而貯存廢棄劇毒化學(xué)品的高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫需要實(shí)行雙人雙鎖。

　　Therefore, hazardous waste storage facilities for storing waste chemicals should not only comply with relevant regulations on hazardous waste management, but also comply with relevant regulations on hazardous chemicals. Therefore, university laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage facilities for storing waste highly toxic chemicals need to implement double person and double lock measures.

　　嚴(yán)格來講，是雙人收發(fā)、雙人保管。鑰匙是放在兩個(gè)人手頭，只有兩個(gè)人同時(shí)到場才可以開門，不是放兩把鎖，鑰匙在一人手頭。

　　Strictly speaking, it involves two people receiving and sending, and two people keeping it. The key is in the hands of two people, and only when two people are present at the same time can the door be opened, not with two locks. The key is in the hands of one person.

　　綜上，只有貯存廢棄劇毒類化學(xué)品、廢棄的第一類易制毒化學(xué)品等特殊危險(xiǎn)廢物的貯存庫需要實(shí)行雙人雙鎖，其他高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫均不需要雙人雙鎖。

　　In summary, only storage facilities for special hazardous waste such as discarded highly toxic chemicals and discarded Class I precursor chemicals require double locking, while other university laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage facilities do not require double locking.

　　本文由 高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室危廢暫存庫  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識請點(diǎn)擊  http://sdsgfy.com/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請期待.

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